HPE6-A85 Online Practice Questions and Answers

Correct Answer: D

Explanation: The way that STP Spanning Tree Protocol. STP is a network protocol that ensures a loop-free topology for any bridged Ethernet local area network by preventing redundant paths between switches or bridges from creating loops

that cause broadcast storms, multiple frame transmission, and MAC table instability. STP creates a logical tree structure that spans all of the switches in an extended network and blocks any redundant links that are not part of the tree from

forwarding data packets3. will forward or discard traffic on these ports is as follows:

STP will elect a root bridge among the two switches based on their bridge IDs, which are composed of a priority value and a MAC address. The switch with the lower bridge ID will become the root bridge and will forward traffic on all its ports.

STP will assign a role and a state to each port on both switches based on their port IDs, which are composed of a priority value and a port number. The port with the lower port ID will become the designated port and will forward traffic, while

the port with the higher port ID will become the alternate port and will discard traffic. In this scenario, since both switches have two cables connected between ports 1/1/1 and 1/1/2, there will be two possible paths between them, creating a

loop. To prevent this loop, STP will block one of these paths by discarding traffic on one of the ports on each switch.

Assuming that both switches have the same priority value (default is 32768), the switch with the lower MAC address will have the lower bridge ID and will become the root bridge. The root bridge will forward traffic on both ports 1/1/1 and 1/1/2.

Assuming that both ports have the same priority value (default is 128), port 1/1/1 will have a lower port ID than port 1/1/2 on both switches because it has a lower port number. Port 1/1/1 will become the designated port and will forward traffic,

while port 1/1/2 will become the alternate port and will discard traffic. Therefore, the switch with the lower MAC address will discard traffic on one port (port 1/1/2), while the switch with the higher MAC address will also discard traffic on one

port (port 1/1/2).

References: 3 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanning_Tree_Protocol

Correct Answer: D

Explanation: LACP is a protocol that allows multiple physical links to be aggregated into a single logical link for increased bandwidth and redundancy. LACP must be configured on both ends of the link for it to work properly. In this case, EDGE1 has LACP configured on its uplink port-channel 1, but CORE1 does not have LACP configured on its corresponding port-channel 1. This causes a mismatch and prevents the link from coming up.

References:https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/ArubaOS_86_Web_Help/Content/ar ubaos-solutions/1-overview/lacp.htm

Correct Answer: A

Explanation: Virtual Switching Extension (VSX) is a feature that allows two Aruba CX switches to operate as a single logical device with a single control plane and data plane. VSX provides high availability, scalability, and simplified management for campus and data center networks3. In VSX, one switch is designated as the primary switch and the other as the secondary switch. The primary switch owns and responds to ARP Address Resolution Protocol. ARP is a communication protocol used for discovering the link layer address, such as a MAC address, associated with a given internet layer address, typically an IPv4 address. This mapping is a critical function in the Internet protocol suite. requests for the virtual IP address of the VSX pair4. The virtual IP address is used as the default gateway for clients connected to the access switch. If the primary switch fails, the secondary switch takes over the virtual IP address and continues to forward traffic for the clients5.

References: 3 https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS- CX_10_04/UG/Content/cx-ug/vsx/vsx-overview.htm 4 https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX_10_04/UG/Content/cx-ug/vsx/vsx-ip- addressing.htm 5 https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS- CX_10_04/UG/Content/cx-ug/vsx/vsx-failover.htm

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Layer 2 MAC authentication is a method of authenticating devices based on their MAC addresses without requiring any client-side configuration or credentials. The switch sends the MAC address of the device to an authentication server such as ClearPass or RADIUS, which checks if the MAC address is authorized to access the network. If yes, the switch grants access to the device based on the assigned role and policies. If no, the switch denies access or redirects the device to a captive portal for further authentication.

References:https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/ArubaOS_86_Web_Help/Content/ar ubaos-solutions/1-overview/mac-authentication.htm

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: OAlOps is a feature of Aruba Central that uses artificial intelligence and machine learning to identify recommended steps to resolve network health issues and allows you to share detailed information with support personnel. OAlOps provides insights into network performance, root cause analysis, anomaly detection, proactive alerts, and automated remediation actions.OAlOps also integrates with Aruba User Experience Insight (UXI) sensors to measure and improve user experience across wired and wireless networks.

References:https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/ds/DS_ArubaCentral.pdf

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Manual provisioning is a method to add switches to Aruba Central without using DHCP or DNS. It requires the user to enter the switch serial number, MAC address, and activation code in Aruba Central, and then configure the switch with the same activation code and Aruba Central's IP address.

References:https://help.central.arubanetworks.com/latest/documentation/online_help/conte nt/devices/switches/provisioning/manual-provisioning.htm

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: EAP-TLS is an authentication method that requires client certificates when authenticating to the network. It provides mutual authentication between the client and the server using public key cryptography and digital certificates.

References:https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/ClearPass/6.9/Guest/Content/CPPM _UserGuide/EAP-TLS/EAP-TLS.htm

Correct Answer: A

Explanation: The best technology to use for dropping excessive broadcast traffic on ingress to an ArubaOS-CX switch is rate limiting. Rate limiting is a feature that allows network administrators to control the amount of traffic that enters or leaves a port or a VLAN on a switch by setting bandwidth thresholds or limits. Rate limiting can be used to prevent network congestion, improve network performance, enforce service level agreements(SLAs), or mitigate denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. Rate limiting can be applied to broadcast traffic on ingress to an ArubaOS-CX switch by using the storm-control command in interface configuration mode. This command allows network administrators to specify the percentage of bandwidth or packets per second that can be used by broadcast traffic on an ingress port. If the broadcast traffic exceeds the specified threshold, the switch will drop the excess packets. The other options are not technologies for dropping excessive broadcast traffic on ingress because: DWRR queuing: DWRR stands for Deficit Weighted Round Robin, which is a queuing algorithm that assigns different weights or priorities to different traffic classes or queues on an egress port. DWRR ensures that each queue gets its fair share of bandwidth based on its weight while avoiding starvation of lower priority queues. DWRR does not drop excessive broadcast traffic on ingress, but rather schedules outgoing traffic on egress. QoS shaping: QoS stands for Quality of Service, which is a set of techniques that manage network resources and provide different levels of service to different types of traffic based on their requirements. QoS shaping is a technique that delays or buffers outgoing traffic on an egress port to match the available bandwidth or rate limit. QoS shaping does not drop excessive broadcast traffic on ingress, but rather smooths outgoing traffic on egress. Strict queuing: Strict queuing is another queuing algorithm that assigns different priorities to different traffic classes or queues on an egress port. Strict queuing ensures that higher priority queues are always served before lower priority queues regardless of their bandwidth requirements or weights. Strict queuing does not drop excessive broadcast traffic on ingress, but rather schedules outgoing traffic on egress.

References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_limiting https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX_10_08/NOSCG/Content/cx- noscg/qos/storm-control.htm https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS- CX_10_08/NOSCG/Content/cx-noscg/qos/dwrr.htm https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX_10_08/NOSCG/Content/cx- noscg/qos/shaping.htm https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS- CX_10_08/NOSCG/Content/cx-noscg/qos/strict.htm

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: The correct statement when comparing 5 GHz and 6 GHz channels with identical channel widths is that 5 GHz channels travel different distances and provide different throughputs to clients compared to 6 GHz channels. This

statement reflects the fact that higher frequency signals tend to have higher attenuation Attenuation is a general term that refers to any reduction in signal strength during transmission over distance or through an object or medium . Higher

attenuation means that higher frequency signals have shorter range and lower throughput than lower frequency signals. Some facts about this statement are:

5 GHz channels have lower frequency than 6 GHz channels, which means they have lower attenuation than 6 GHz channels.

Lower attenuation means that 5 GHz channels can travel longer distances and provide higher throughputs to clients than 6 GHz channels with identical channel widths.

However, the difference in distance and throughput between 5 GHz and 6 GHz channels may not be significant in indoor environments where there are many obstacles and reflections that affect signal propagation. The advantage of using 6

GHz channels over 5 GHz channels is that they offer more spectrum availability, less interference, and more non-overlapping channels than 5 GHz channels.

The other options are not correct because:

5 GHz channels travel the same distances and provide different throughputs to clients compared to 6 GHz channels: This option is false because 5 GHz channels do not travel the same distances as 6 GHz channels due to higher attenuation

of higher frequency signals.

5 GHz channels travel the same distances and provide the same throughputs to clients compared to 6 GHz channels: This option is false because 5 GHz channels do not travel the same distances or provide the same throughputs as 6 GHz

channels due to higher attenuation of higher frequency signals. 5 GHz channels travel different distances and provide the same throughputs to clients compared to 6 GHz channels: This option is false because 5 GHz channels do not provide

the same throughputs as

6 GHz channels due to higher attenuation of higher frequency signals.

References: https://www.wi-fi.org/discover-wi-fi/wi-fi-certified-6e

https://www.wi-fi.org/file/wi- fi-alliance-spectrum-needs-study

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/wireless- mobility/wireless-lan-wlan/82068-power-levels.html

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/collateral/wireless/spectrum-expert-wi- fi/prod_white_paper0900aecd807395a9.html

Correct Answer: D

Explanation: The correct way to configure the routable interface for the subnet to be associated with this VLAN is to create an SVI Switched Virtual Interface (SVI) Switched Virtual Interface (SVI) is a virtual interface on a switch that represents a VLAN and provides Layer 3 routing functions for that VLAN . SVIs are used to enable inter-VLAN routing , provide gateway addresses for hosts in VLANs , apply ACLs or QoS policies to VLANs , etc . SVIs have some advantages over physical routed interfaces such as saving interface ports , reducing cable costs , simplifying network design , etc . SVIs are usually numbered according to their VLAN IDs (e.g., vlan 10) and assigned IP addresses within the subnet of their VLANs . SVIs can be created and configured by using commands such as interface vlan , ip address , no shutdown , etc . SVIs can be verified by using commands such as show ip interface brief , show vlan , show ip route , etc . in the subnet on the 6300M stack. An SVI is a virtual interface on a switch that represents a VLAN and provides Layer 3 routing functions for that VLAN. Creating an SVI in the subnet on the 6300M stack allows the switch to act as a gateway for the users in that VLAN and enable inter-VLAN routing between different subnets. Creating an SVI in the subnet on the 6300M stack also simplifies network design and management by reducing the number of physical interfaces and cables required for routing. The other options are not correct ways to configure the routable interface for the subnet to be associated with this VLAN because: Create a physically routed interface in the subnet on the 6300M stack for each downstream switch: This option is incorrect because creating a physically routedinterface in the subnet on the 6300M stack for each downstream switch would require using one physical port and cable per downstream switch, which would consume interface resources and increase cable costs. Creating a physically routed interface in the subnet on the 6300M stack for each downstream switch would also complicate network design and management by requiring separate routing configurations and policies for each interface. Create an SVl in the subnet on each downstream switch: This option is incorrect because creating an SVI in the subnet on each downstream switch would not enable inter-VLAN routing between different subnets, as each downstream switch would act as a gateway for its own VLAN only. Creating an SVI in the subnet on each downstream switch would also create duplicate IP addresses in the same subnet, which would cause IP conflicts and routing errors. Create an SVl in the subnet on the 6300M stack, and assign the management address of each downstream switch stack to a different IP address in the same subnet: This option is incorrect because creating an SVI in the subnet on the 6300M stack, and assigning the management address of each downstream switch stack to a different IP address in the same subnet would not enable inter-VLAN routing between different subnets, as each downstream switch would still act as a gateway for its own VLAN only. Creating an SVI in the subnet on the 6300M stack, and assigning the management address of each downstream switch stack to a different IP address in the same subnet would also create unnecessary IP addresses in the same subnet, which would waste IP space and complicate network management.

References: https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX/10.05/HTML/5200- 7295/index.html https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX/10.05/HTML/5200- 7295/cx-noscg/l3-routing/l3-routing-overview.htm https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX/10.05/HTML/5200-7295/cx-noscg/l3- routing/l3-routing-config.htm